Spatiotemporal variation and distribution characteristics of crop residue burning in China from 2001 to 2018

In this study, we integrated a remote-sensing fire product (MOD14A1) and land-use (MCD12Q1) to extract the number of crop-residue burning (CRB) spots radiative power (FRP) in China from 2001 2018. Moreover, conducted three trend analyses two geographic distribution quantify interannual variations summarize spatial characteristics CRB on grid (0.25° × 0.25°) regional scales. The results indicated that presents distinctive seasonal patterns with each sub-region. All suggested annual increased significantly 2018; linear reached 2615 spots/year, Theil-Sen slope was slightly lower at 2557 Mann-Kendal ? 0.75. By dividing study period into sub-periods, found five sub-regions presented different trends first second sub-periods; e.g., eastern sub-period (2001–2009) 1021 spots/year but ?1599 (2010–2018). This suggests summer has been effectively mitigated since 2010. Further, average FRP decreasing 27.5 MW/spot only 15.8 may be attributable more scattered rather than aggregated CRB. Collectively, spots, FRP, spring, summer, autumn had dropped dramatically over previous levels by 2018 due strict mitigation measures local governments.